MERN stack (and short Android) dev notes: Feb to Mar 2025 (includes Powershell scripts for copying and listing swdev project source code)

Last updated on 24 Mar. 2025

Quick note

The (Windows) Powershell scripts I use mainly for copying and listing software development project source code folders and files are available on my public GitHub repo: https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-Scripts .

Detailed notes

26 Mar. 2025

To create a directory/folder hierarchy:
New-Item -Path VSCode\HTML-CSS-JS\ -ItemType Directory -Force
If they don't exist, creates VSCode folder and HTML-CSS-JS folder within it.
=================
IDEA IntelliJ
Increase font size: Alt + Shift + period
------------

Android related
Based on above:

long nowInMillis = System.currentTimeMillis()

Date nowAsDate = new Date(nowInMillis);

// long tmpMillis = nowAsDate.getTime();
// tmpMillis should have same value as nowInMillis

long onlyLastTimestampInMillis = sh.getLong("OnlyLastTimestampInMillis", 0)
if (onlyLastTimestampInMillis > 0) {
long duration = nowInMillis - onlyLastTimestampInMillis
...
}

// At saving data time.
sh.putLong("OnlyLastTimestampInMillis", nowInMillis);
sh.apply();
=====================

Yesterday (25 Mar), by mistake, I opened LaunchTimestamp Android project in IDEA Intellij. I had right-clicked on the folder and saw IntelliJ IDEA option (but was not shown Android Studio), and as I was getting back to Android Studio work after some time, I forgot that I should use Android Studio even if IntelliJ IDEA can open the project.
After the project got opened, I faced a lot of issues in trying to run the Android app. I had moved the project folder and thought that the move may have triggered some issues.

The device emulator options were also not listed. Somehow it did not strike me that the issue was that I needed to open the project in Android Studio. After quite some efforts to fix the issues in IntelliJ IDEA including downloading and installing JDK 'jbr-21', downloading and installing Android plugin and updating IntelliJ IDEA, I realized that I need to used Android Studio and not IntelliJ IDEA for this LaunchTimestamp project. 

After opening project in Android Studio (after project folder move):

Undefined java.home on the project gradle/config.properties file when using the gradleJvm #GRADLE_LOCAL_JAVA_HOME macro. To mitigate the issue, this was changed to use the Project JDK (JetBrains Runtime 21.0.4). Select the Gradle JDK location
----
But the issue seems to be fixed (through mitigation). So am not trying out other fix(es).

The project seems to open properly with Edit -> Configurations not showing any error.

Active build variant is debug.

Will try building it ... Chose Rebuild project ... Build got done successfully in 44 secs.
Now am trying to run app. ... The emulator started and the app ran on it. Great!
No further issues in editing app and running.
==================

Creating signed release version required me to specify app key again even though the keyfile path was the same as earlier. [Build -> Generate signed APK]
Also the release file was still set to go to older directory path! Modified it to moved project directory path.
Then got the error: "Cause: failed to decrypt safe contents entry: javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Given final block not properly padded. Such issues can arise if a bad key is used during decryption."

Unsigned release version gets created successfully using Build -> Build App Bundle(s) / APK(s) -> Build APK (s).
It is created as app-release-unsigned.apk in: C:\Users\{username}\CurrProjects\AndroidStudio\LaunchTimestamp\app\build\outputs\apk\release

While I may be able to use unsigned release APK on my Samsung M21 phone, I think I should not put it up publicly. Publicly I should put up only signed release APK(s).
What is the differences between `export signed` and `unsigned` .apk file? [duplicate], https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18397498/what-is-the-differences-between-export-signed-and-unsigned-apk-file

What is the difference between building an APK and generating a signed APK?, https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-building-an-APK-and-generating-a-signed-APK

Simple fix: I had specified the wrong password. Build -> Generate signed APK with right password successfully created app-release.apk in C:\Users\{username}\CurrProjects\AndroidStudio\LaunchTimestamp\release .

I need to change above path to: C:\Users\{username}\CurrProjects\AndroidStudio\LaunchTimestamp\app\release in Android Studio. Currently I moved the apk file manually.

-----------------
To copy HTML (Timestamp.html) from GitHub repo to Samsung M21 Android mobile, I did the following IFIRC (I could have done it more simply but I wanted to learn how to access GitHub on mobile and pick up a full file and save it on mobile):
1) Got the raw HTML link from PC : https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ravisiyer/onetouchlaunchtimestamp/refs/heads/main/timestamp.html
2) Passed the raw link over WhatsApp to mobile
3) Opened the raw link on mobile (Chrome).
4) Selected all the text and copied it.
5) Pasted it into a new Samsung Notes 'note'. Chose save file option from Samsung Notes and saved it as .txt file (cannot save as .html file).
6) Then used My Files app to change extension from .txt to .html
7) Now I could double-click on the HTML and run the very simple web app!

Later I saw that one can edit the GitHub file on mobile, and then select all and copy the file contents. That will not need raw file link to be passed. [Could not get raw file button/link on GitHub mobile app]. Only downside of this is that one can inadvertently modify the file. BTW when I tried to copy the file using GH display I could only select one line and could not figure out how to select all lines.
===================

24 Mar. 2025

[Powershell] Is there a one-liner for using default values with Read-Host?, https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26386267/is-there-a-one-liner-for-using-default-values-with-read-host

[Uses [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace func)]

===================

"When you rename a repository, all existing information, with the exception of project site URLs, is automatically redirected to the new name ..."
... "...all git clone, git fetch, or git push operations targeting the previous location will continue to function as if made on the new location ..."
But it recommends updating clones to point to new repo name. Command for it:
git remote set-url origin NEW_URL
-----

Tried it without removing previously existing repo (I renamed PS-Scripts to PS-JSProjCopyZipMove). Command output (slightly edited):
PS C:\Users\{username}\CurrProjects\PS-Scripts> git remote -v
origin  https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-Scripts.git (fetch)
origin  https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-Scripts.git (push)
PS C:\Users\{username}\CurrProjects\PS-Scripts> git remote set-url origin https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-JSProjCopyZipMove.git
PS C:\Users\{username}\CurrProjects\PS-Scripts> git remote -v                                                                
origin  https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-JSProjCopyZipMove.git (fetch)
origin  https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-JSProjCopyZipMove.git (push)
-----

==============================
22 Mar. 2025

Powershell get folder size:
Get-ChildItem -Recurse folder-name | Measure-Object -Property Length -Sum
----

Given below also works but with long output:
cmd /c dir /s folder-name
===============================

14 Mar. 2025


test.ps1: 
param ($param1, $param2)
write-host $param1 $param2
-----
.\ScrapScripts\test.ps1 -param2 there -param1 hello
hello there

.\ScrapScripts\test.ps1 hello there
hello there

.\ScrapScripts\test.ps1 there hello
there hello

=================
test.ps1:
param ([Parameter(Mandatory=$True)] $param1, $param2)
write-host $param1 $param2
-----

.\ScrapScripts\test.ps1

cmdlet test.ps1 at command pipeline position 1
Supply values for the following parameters:
param1: hi
hi 
===============

One thing I found with this that seems odd is -Exclude when included with -Depth negates the -Depth value.
...
The same problem happens with -Include as well.
-----

Ravi: I am facing the same issue of -depth getting ignored in following cmd:
Get-ChildItem -recurse -depth 1 -include *.ps1 | Select-Object -first 20 | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $_.LastWriteTime $_.FullName}
----
In following command -depth is NOT ignored ... works as expected.
Get-ChildItem -recurse -depth 1 | Select-Object -first 20 | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $_.LastWriteTime $_.FullName}
----

-File
...
To get a list of files, use the File parameter. You can use the Recurse parameter with File.
----
gci -file | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $_.LastWriteTime $_.FullName}

Above cmd works (but -depth is ignored, if specified)
Similarly, there is -Directory

------
gci -filter seems to have limitation of supporting only * and ? wildcards

gci -filter *.ps1 -depth 1 | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $_.LastWriteTime $_.FullName}
Above command works with depth being effective!
===============

Short way to use gci to list files in folder and subfolders but not folders within subfolders:
gci -depth 1 -file | foreach {$_.FullName}
...
gci outputs System.IO.FileInfo and System.IO.DirectoryInfo objects

gci -depth 1 -file | foreach {$_.FullName}
===========

Had to use -Force for rm (and mv, at least in one case) to be able to delete empty .git (hidden) folder.
=================

13 Mar. 2025


sal mvmdl MoveToMDLwDtTm
-----------
[Solution: C:\Users\<user-name>\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 ... Trials leading to solution provided below]
Based on above: create profile.ps1 in C:\Users\<yourname>\Documents
profile.ps1 can have the sal commands.
-----

Above did not work.

Current user, Current Host
Windows - $HOME\Documents\PowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
----
Above did not work.
But it stated:
The $PROFILE automatic variable stores the paths to the PowerShell profiles that are available in the current session.

To view a profile path, display the value of the $PROFILE variable. You can also use the $PROFILE variable in a command to represent a path.
-------

So I tried:
PS C:\Users\<user-name>\Projects> $Profile
C:\Users\<user-name>\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
-------
Above info. gave solution. Used file as specified above.

============

Function CD32 {Set-Location -Path C:\Windows\System32}

Set-Alias -Name Go -Value CD32
-----

Function CDProjFn {Set-Location -Path C:\Users\<user-name>\Projects}
Set-Alias -Name cdproj -Value CDProjFn
=====

gal (or Get-Alias) lists the aliases
wildcards like 'gal cd*' can also be used.

=========================

Gathering return value from another script seems to be problematic if the called script writes to output as that is also included in the return value besides the value specified in the return statement. Related test program code below:
param ($InputFolder="", $BackupFolder="")
$Cmd = "C:\Users\<user-name>\Projects\PS-Scripts\CopyWoXF\CopyWoXF $InputFolder"
# Invoke-Expression $Cmd # This works IFIRC
$OutputFolder = Invoke-Expression $Cmd  # LHS variable results in robocopy log data to be returned in LHS variable!
Write-Host $OutputFolder
Write-Host Above CopyWoXF command finished execution.`n
-----------

In PowerShell, the results of each statement are returned as output, even without a statement that contains the Return keyword. Languages like C or C# return only the value or values that are specified by the return keyword.
...
Beginning in PowerShell 5.0, PowerShell added language for defining classes, by using formal syntax. In the context of a PowerShell class, nothing is output from a method except what you specify using a return statement.
-----------

Based on above:
Normal termination: exitcode set to 0
Uncaught throw: exitcode set to 1
exit statement: exitcode set to value specified.
----

Based on above:
$LastExitCode automatic variable is set by Windows program (e.g. RAR)
Cmdlets (e.g. gci) set automatic variable $? (and NOT $LastExitCode), which is true if successful or false if error was encountered.
-------------

Get Exit Code of Last Command in PowerShell, https://java2blog.com/get-exit-code-of-last-command-powershell/ on quick browse, seems to be in line with above.


=============


Based on above:
Variety of return codes from 0 to 7 for successful copy, partial or all specified.
"Any value equal to or greater than 8 indicates that there was at least one failure during the copy operation."
=========


From the docs, it seems to me that the proper way to check cmdlet failure is to use try-catch blocks and process error exception. Example of that from one of my scripts:
$MoveCmd = "Move-Item -Path $OutputZipFile -Destination $BackupFolder"
...
  try {
    Invoke-Expression $MoveCmd
  }
  catch {
    Write-Error "Above command threw exception: $($PSItem.ToString())"
    exit 1
  }
------
===========================

gal gci | Format-List -property *

HelpUri             : https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113308
ResolvedCommandName : Get-ChildItem
DisplayName         : gci -> Get-ChildItem
ReferencedCommand   : Get-ChildItem
ResolvedCommand     : Get-ChildItem
Definition          : Get-ChildItem
Options             : ReadOnly, AllScope
Description         :
OutputType          : {System.IO.FileInfo, System.IO.DirectoryInfo}
Name                : gci
CommandType         : Alias
Source              :
Version             :
Visibility          : Public
ModuleName          :
Module              :
RemotingCapability  : PowerShell
Parameters          : {[Path, System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata], [LiteralPath, System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata], [Filter,
                      System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata], [Include, System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata]...}
ParameterSets       :

=============================

[For my alias cdc:]
gal cdc | Format-List -property *

HelpUri             :
ResolvedCommandName : FnCDCDrive
DisplayName         : cdc -> FnCDCDrive
ReferencedCommand   : FnCDCDrive
ResolvedCommand     : FnCDCDrive
Definition          : FnCDCDrive
Options             : None
Description         :
OutputType          : {}
Name                : cdc
CommandType         : Alias
Source              :
Version             :
Visibility          : Public
ModuleName          :
Module              :
RemotingCapability  : PowerShell
Parameters          : {}
ParameterSets       :

============================

In future, if needed, I can customize definition of my aliases with some special description and then I should be able to list all my aliases with something like: ...
--
Set-Alias -Name ravitest -Value Get-Location -Description "Ravi defined alias: xyz"
gal -Description "Ravi defined alias*"

Get-Alias | Where-Object {$_.Description -Match "Ravi defined alias*"} 
gives:

CommandType     Name                                               Version    Source
-----------     ----                                               -------    ------
Alias           ravitest -> Get-Location
----
Tested above; it works.

Get-Alias | Where-Object {$_.Description -Match "Ravi defined alias*"} | Format-List -property *
gives:

HelpUri             : https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=113321
ResolvedCommandName : Get-Location
DisplayName         : ravitest -> Get-Location
ReferencedCommand   : Get-Location
ResolvedCommand     : Get-Location
Definition          : Get-Location
Options             : None
Description         : Ravi defined alias: xyz
OutputType          : {System.Management.Automation.PathInfo, System.Management.Automation.PathInfoStack}
Name                : ravitest
CommandType         : Alias
Source              :
Version             :
Visibility          : Public
ModuleName          :
Module              :
RemotingCapability  : PowerShell
Parameters          : {[PSProvider, System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata], [PSDrive, System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata], [Stack,
                      System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata], [StackName, System.Management.Automation.ParameterMetadata]...}
ParameterSets       :
====================

Currently I am using a myals alias to simply 'cat' the $profile file containing the alias definitions.

==========================


-Exclude
Specifies an array of one or more string patterns to be matched as the cmdlet gets child items. Any matching item is excluded from the output. Enter a path element or pattern, such as *.txt or A*. Wildcard characters are accepted.
------------

Below command may be irrelevant as gci by default ignores hidden folders and node_modules is a hidden folder.
gci -exclude node_modules
------------

The Compress-Archive cmdlet ignores hidden files and folders when creating or updating the archive file. On non-Windows machines, this includes files and folders with name that begins with the period (.) character.

To ensure hidden files and folders are compressed into the archive, use the .NET API instead.
----

So my zip scripts which use compress-archive should be skipping node_modules (and other hidden files & folders). I checked and found that it has skipped .git folder as it is a hidden folder! That's a major issue for me!

How to zip / archive hidden files using Compress-Archive?, https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53551418/how-to-zip-archive-hidden-files-using-compress-archive gives some alternatives .

How to create, update, and extract zip files with PowerShell, https://theposhwolf.com/howtos/PowerShell-and-Zip-Files/ :
Add-Type -Assembly 'System.IO.Compression.FileSystem'
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($toZipDirectory, $zipFilePath)
-----

Add-Type -Assembly 'System.IO.Compression.FileSystem'
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory("Test.zip", "Test")

Tried the above .. gave some access error ... search for error fix .... seems to be too involved ... giving up this approach
----
7z a Test.zip Test
Above command zips hidden folders too.
Further, IFIRC, if zip file exists, it updates the zip file.
--------------


New-Item -Path "c:\" -Name "Logfiles" -ItemType "directory"
========
IFIRC, to list 50 last modified .ps1 files in current directory including subdirectories:
gci -recurse -include *.ps1 | Sort-Object -Descending -Property LastWriteTime | `
  Select-Object -first 50 | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $_.LastWriteTime $_.FullName}

===============================
11 Mar. 2025

The (Windows) Powershell scripts I use mainly for copying and listing software development project source code folders and files are available on my public GitHub repo: https://github.com/ravisiyer/PS-Scripts .

Run or view MyPSScripts.ps1 in root folder of the repo to get a quick overview of the main scripts.

While the scripts were written primarily to help me do copying and listing of software development project (MERN stack, React Native and Android) source code folders and files, it does help for other folders and files too.
==============

Windows 11: Shift+Right-Click is a quick way to get the full context-menu Ref: https://www.reddit.com/r/vscode/comments/155ib33/open_with_code_context_menu_option_for_windows_11/ (Whipstickgostop message)

Add VS Code to default context menu when right-clicking, https://superuser.com/questions/1830600/add-vs-code-to-default-context-menu-when-right-clicking states that it is an open issue and refers to: [Meta] Enable windows 11 context menu by default in Stable #204696, https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/issues/204696 which lists it, as of 10 Mar. 2025, as an Open issue.
--------

.gitignore globbing
I tried to see if the following can be improved:
[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-Test*/
---
But it seems that globbing does not support an easy way to do the above (where regular expression seems to support it but globbing is different from regular expression).

==============


Returns the result of one or more statements. For a single result, returns a scalar. For multiple results, returns an array. Use this when you want to use an expression within another expression. For example, to embed the results of command in a string expression.

PS> "Today is $(Get-Date)"
Today is 12/02/2019 13:15:20

PS> "Folder list: $((dir c:\ -dir).Name -join ', ')"
Folder list: Program Files, Program Files (x86), Users, Windows
===============

Working commands
Get-ChildItem | ForEach-Object {"$($_.FullName)"}
Get-ChildItem | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $($_.FullName)}
Get-ChildItem | ForEach-Object {Write-Host $_.FullName} 
==========

robocopy MAXAGE as number of days has max. value of 1899
Providing 1900 or higher number results in error.
This article too says same: Robocopy Maxage limitations, https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/28547227/Robocopy-Maxage-limitations.html but further explains robocopy doc, https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy, for /minlad:<n> spec. of "If n is less than 1900, n specifies the number of days. Otherwise, n specifies a date in the format YYYYMMDD." applies to earlier 3 entries including /maxage.

----------
robocopy - don't show *Extra* files;
/XX switch: "Excludes extra files and directories present in the destination but not the source. Excluding extra files won't delete files from the destination." Ref: MS docs, https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy
/XX switch used with /XO switch drops Extra entries from log file and does not seem to create any side effect.
/XX switch used with /MIR and /PURGE seems to have big and unwanted side-effect.
Ref: Robocopy and the XX Argument (Exclude Extra), https://ss64.org/viewtopic.php?t=8
----

robocopy - show date-time for file in status info.
From robocopy doc:
/ts Includes source file time stamps in the output.
-----

robocopy - diff backup?
By itself, robocopy does not provide a diff copy to a third folder having contents that are in source folder but not in a potential-destination folder.

Searched whether others tried using /L option of robocopy to produce only filenames which are then piped to compress-archive. Did not get suitable results. Decided against investing time in trying this stuff out myself.

But some info. which may perhaps be useful in other context (copy-paste of commented lines in CopyWoXfldrs.ps1):
# Write-Host "Switches are used to skip everything but timestamps and paths of files which will be copied if list switch is not used"
# $ListCmd = $Cmd + " /NS /NC /NJH /NJS /L"
==============


=========

The below gci commands are only at a particular directory level and do not recurse within subdirectories.


gci path | sort LastWriteTime | select -last 1
[Ravi: last seems wrong.]
...
[quicker possibly]
Get-ChildItem $folder | Sort-Object -Descending -Property LastWriteTime -Top 1 
[Ravi: Top gave some error.]

==============

Recurse flag will allow for recursion. But I may need to be careful to use it only for relatively small folders. However, I am using ExcludeDirsRecurseListFilesDirs (which also recurses) for even big folders like Projects. So it may not be a big issue. Need to check it out with usage over time.
But then how does a regular backup program work? Will it not recurse through big folders? It surely will. Even something as simple as File Explorer -> Folders for a large folder (like Projects) will need to recurse and we can see that it is taking time to gather the data it needs to show. 

Below commands work. As -Force is not used, hidden folders like .git are automatically excluded. 
Get-ChildItem -Recurse | Sort-Object -Descending -Property LastWriteTime | ForEach-Object {"$($_.LastWriteTime) $($_.FullName)"}
Get-ChildItem -Recurse | Sort-Object -Descending -Property LastWriteTime |  select -first 10 | ForEach-Object {"$($_.LastWriteTime) $($_.FullName)"}

Below command may be more suitable for my needs (could add parameters like $Path $ExcludeFolders to ExcludeDirsRecurseListFilesDirs)
ExcludeDirsRecurseListFilesDirs.ps1 | Sort-Object -Descending -Property LastWriteTime |  select -first 10 | ForEach-Object {"$($_.LastWriteTime) $($_.FullName)"}
[On 10 Mar. 2025] I tried the above command for Projects folder (1,26,768 Files, 24,005 Folders; 2.60 GB (2,80,18,70,430 bytes)) and it ran fast.

Measure-Command { Get-EventLog "windows powershell" }
------

Measure-Command { ExcludeDirsRecurseListFilesDirs.ps1 | Sort-Object -Descending -Property LastWriteTime |  select -first 10 | ForEach-Object  {Write-Host "$($_.LastWriteTime) $($_.FullName)"}}
Above command for the same Projects folder gave less than 2 seconds as execution time though it would have benefited from cached info. about Projects directory.
=============

5 Mar. 2025

The Microsoft PowerShell extension for Visual Studio Code (VS Code) provides rich language support and capabilities such as syntax completions, definition tracking, and linting for PowerShell. 
-----


Windows tree command has no option to show hidden directories and files: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/tree

Browsing showed some third-party Powershell script that does that but I don't want to get into that as of now.

'dir Test /s /a /b' gives a single line output for each file and directory (recursed into), including hidden files & dirs in Test (b for bare). Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/dir

To run it in powershell, use:
cmd.exe /c "dir Test /s /a /b"

Perhaps to run any Windows command prompt command in PowerShell, use:
cmd.exe /c "Windows-command-prompt-command"
--------

[Solution:]
$MyArray = $($MyString -split " ")
MyProgram @MyArray
...
 I use it with @ to splat the array of strings into arguments for MyProgram
---------------

Splatting is a method of passing a collection of parameter values to a command as a unit. PowerShell associates each value in the collection with a command parameter.
...
Copy-Item "test.txt" "test2.txt" -WhatIf
...
$ArrayArguments = "test.txt", "test2.txt"
Copy-Item @ArrayArguments -WhatIf
-----


=====================


Unfortunately, the official documentation (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy) doesn't describe the logic behind what files are skipped by default.

The unofficial ss64.com documentation (https://ss64.com/nt/robocopy.html), however, provides the crucial pointer (emphasis added):

By default Robocopy will only copy a file if the source and destination have different time stamps or different file sizes.

========

Difference btw using robocopy with default values and robocopy with /XO
robocopy .\Test\ .\Test-wo-nmnig\ /e
Above command copies all files whose timestamps are different including copying older file(s) from source to destination. I confirmed it through a test.
robocopy .\Test\ .\Test-wo-nmnig\ /e /xo
Above command is similar to earlier with additional point of skipping copying files from source which are older than destination. I confirmed it through a test.
Ref: Robocopy Delta Copy Question, https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/28998415/Robocopy-Delta-Copy-Question.html - see Shaun Vermaak's comments correcting Mahesh's comment.
===========

Windows 11:
Win + E -> Opens File Explorer

===============
1 Mar. 2025

AWS Toolkit for IntelliJ IDEA, https://aws.amazon.com/intellij/
Created AWS builder ID
I had to install AWS Toolkit plugin separately. Above link installed Amazon Q!
--------------

[Ravi: The horror show of trying to log in as administrative rights user created using IAM Identity Center (which I thought is same as IAM user) in AWS seems to be explained by below short extracts from above link:]

It is strange that I was not able to login into AWS management console using IAM user information. I went to the root account and copied the console sign-in link for the IAM user, then entered my credentials. It started working.
...
It seems there are two different kinds of users in AWS: (1) "IAM user" and (2) "user in IAM Identity Center". The latter is what you and I created and used, and for this kind of users a sign-in link is required. – 
----

So a sign in link is needed for administrative access user I created in IAM Identity Center! What a horror show!

IAM Identity Center -> Dashboard -> (Right panel) Settings Summary: AWS access portal URL has the sign in link that has to be used.

My God! AWS gave no indication that this could be the reason when I tried logging in on AWS as an IAM user where it asks for ID, name and password and where I provided above mentioned user credentials and AWS account ID (which is same for root user and above administrative rights user). I wasted time checking multiple times whether I am keying in the info. correctly and also did a password reset once or twice over past few days. What a waste of time because AWS did not give me the right error message on login. It should have said use sign-in link created for user or something like that which would have led me to check that out. Note that while creating this user, the process involves going through this sign-in link but I thought it was a one-time sign-in link used only during user creation process. This IAM Identity Center is a horror show but AWS recommended it over (plain) IAM when  I tried using IAM console to create this administrative access user, which is why I opted for the former.
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(Uses a node.js function) Locally Debug Lambda Functions with the AWS Toolkit for VS Code, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FINV-VmCXms , 5 min. 24 secs., Apr. 2019

[Doesn't cover creating and debugging lambda fns but is good as a starter:] AWS in IntelliJ IDEA (2022), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvBFFDYaqSM , 10 min. 39 secs, Jan. 2022

Nice video about creating Java lambda fn. and deploying it but does not cover local execution and debugging: Build serverless application using Java and the AWS SAM CLI, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gde38Yk5PQI , 15 min. 19 secs., Jan. 2023.

6 years old but still may be relevant though with some changes: Debugging Java AWS Lambda Functions with SAM Local and IntelliJ IDEA, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pk6XWPbLUYQ , 10 min. 24 secs., Jun. 2018.

May be just what I need currently (saw only little bit; plan to watch it perhaps fully later on): AWS Lambda Java | AWS Lambda Java Project: Setup, Run, Debug & Deploy with SAM CLI and IntelliJ, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDVJKz_MyFk , 21 min. 35 secs, Feb. 2025

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28 Feb. 2025


Created IAM user for my AWS. Complicated procedure but managed to get it done.
Could not see Amplify apps and Lambda fns created by root user. Eventually found out that by default region is set to some US region. Had to change it to Europe (Stockholm) and then could view root user created Amplify apps and Lambda fns.

Tutorial: Deploy a Hello World application with AWS SAM (Ravi: Python app by default):  https://docs.aws.amazon.com/serverless-application-model/latest/developerguide/serverless-getting-started-hello-world.html

Running (invoking) or debugging the local version of an AWS Lambda function by using the AWS Toolkit for JetBrains, https://docs.aws.amazon.com/toolkit-for-jetbrains/latest/userguide/invoke-lambda.html

Run and debug Java AWS Lambda locally using SAM CLI commands and Docker in IntelliJ Idea, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVJrTxtHwM0, 17 mins, Jul. 2020.

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23 Feb. 2025

"Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery/Deployment (CD), collectively known as CI/CD, represent pivotal practices in modern software engineering."

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To kill earlier instance of node server if new node server instance fails due to port not being free, in PowerShell (also for React app server):
Get-Process -Id (Get-NetTCPConnection -LocalPort 4000).OwningProcess 
Id is the process Id. Task Manager can be used to safely kill the process (command line option is there but perhaps prone to typo risk)
Ref: How do I find out which process is listening on a TCP or UDP port on Windows? [closed], https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48198/how-do-i-find-out-which-process-is-listening-on-a-tcp-or-udp-port-on-windows
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Run React and Node on single Port | by Musab Abbasi | Medium,  https://abbasimusab2000.medium.com/setting-up-mern-website-on-single-port-for-deployment-4ab4ada8fe4d , Oct. 2022

Different ways to connect react frontend and node backend - DEV Community,  https://itsrakesh.com/blog/different-ways-to-connect-react-frontend-and-node-backend-1pik , Nov. 2021
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[Around 15 Feb. 2025:] Restart point in official Node Express tutorial (doing it as refresher): Express Tutorial Part 2: Creating a skeleton website, https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn_web_development/Extensions/Server-side/Express_Nodejs/skeleton_website#directory_structure

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How to create a pull request in 4 min | GitHub for Beginners 2024, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nCKdihvneS0, 3 min. 43 secs., 2024, by GitHub
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